Avalon Project - Confederate States of America : Documents Secession - Definition, Civil War & Southern States - History Then, this is the place where you can find sources which provide detailed information. Immediately after Abraham Lincoln (1809-1861) was elected President, in November, 1860, several Southern states took steps to secede from the Union. The South went to war to preserve their societytheir economy, their social structure, their political powerall of which was built on a foundation of racial slavery. That the people of the State of Mississippi hereby consent to form a federal union with such of the States as may have seceded or may secede from the Union of the United States of America, upon the basis of the present Constitution of the said United States, except such parts thereof as embrace other portions than such seceding States. Sec. February 24 Discussion Lecture and Notes - Secession 1.) 2 - Studocu 3. Two of these states were in the first phase of secession: Florida (third to secede on January 10, 1861) and Louisiana (sixth to secede on January 26, 1861). Debate and compromise over the institution of slavery happened as early as the founding of the nation and the Constitutional Convention, and in the antebellum period conflict and compromise over the issue occurred regularly. dangerous infractions of the constitution of the United States by many of the Approved, October 31, 1861. In this essay, the author. Description North Carolina was one of the last states to secede from the Union and join the Confederacy. On January 19, the Tennessee legislature in special session beginning January 7 required that approval of a possible secession convention be put to referendum on February 9. The new Republican Party was a purely Northern party with a platform that was anti-slavery. Be it resolved by the people of Alabama in Convention assembled. Four months later, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Texas and Louisiana seceded as well. Alabama Declaration Of Secession - Alabama Info Hub Adopted January 11, 1861. Ordinance of Secession - Wikipedia As in Missouri and Kentucky, thousands from Delaware and Maryland also fought for the Confederacy. therefore: Be it declared and ordained by the people of the State of common peace and security. Alabama Series J. Required fields are marked *. Address. While historians agree that slavery was a fundamental cause of the war and southern secession, many in the public still contest this historical interpretation. The new state contained 24 counties that had ratified Virginia's secession ordinance.[3]. Alabama Ordinance of Secession of 1861. to the offices of president and vice-president of the United States of America, The secession of South Carolina was followed by the secession of six more statesMississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas-and the threat of secession by four moreVirginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, and North Carolina. It was a roll-call vote done in alphabetical order. Florida Secession (U.S. National Park Service) Public opinion had shifted dramatically, most notably in Middle Tennessee. Crowds gathered in front of the Capitol building in Montgomery, Alabama, the day that the secession bill was passed. This page is not available in other languages. We, the people of the State of South Carolina, in convention assembled, do declare and ordain, and it is hereby declared and ordained, That the ordinance adopted by us in convention on the twenty-third day of May, in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and eighty-eight, whereby the Constitution of the United States of America was ratified, and also all acts and parts of acts of the General Assembly of this State ratifying amendments of the said Constitution, are hereby repealed; and that the union now subsisting between South Carolina and other States, under the name of the "United States of America," is hereby dissolved. South Carolina Declaration of Secession, 1860 Abraham Lincoln won the 1860 contest on November 6 with just 40% of the popular vote and not a single southern vote in the Electoral College. We, the people of the State of North Carolina in convention assembled, do declare and ordain, and it is hereby declared and ordained, That the ordinance adopted by the State of North Carolina in the convention of 1789, whereby the Constitution of the United States was ratified and adopted, and also all acts and parts of acts of the General Assembly ratifying and adopting amendments to the said Constitution, are hereby repealed, rescinded, and abrogated. In doing so, members of the state's secession convention felt it their duty to tell the world why. The first seven seceding states, all of the Deep South, were motivated mainly by two factors: the election in November 1860 of President Lincoln, who had no support among Southern voters, and the direct threat to slavery his election posed. Be it further ordained, That the unconstitutional edicts of a factious majority of a Legislature thus false to their pledges, their honor, and their interests are not law, and that such a government is unworthy of the support of a brave and free people, and that we do therefore declare that the people are thereby absolved from all allegiance to said government, and that they have a right to establish any government which to them may seem best adapted to the preservation of their rights and liberties. If it was mistaken, then so am I, but it was my understanding that the early versions of the southern cross were already being introduced as the southern states began seceding. They did so in order to protect the institution of slavery. [citation needed]. Before a packed house, a secession ordinance was introduced and passed by vote of sixty-five to five. Secession - New Georgia Encyclopedia AN ORDINANCE to dissolve the union between the State of Mississippi and other States united with her under the compact entitled "The Constitution of the United States of America." a copy of the foregoing Preamble, Ordinance, and Resolutions to the Governors of The new Republican Party was a purely Northern party with a platform that was anti-slavery. The Reasons for Secession: A Documentary Study - American Battlefield Trust Four states went further. A majority favored immediate secession while some wanted to wait until Georgia and Alabama left first. Secession Documents: Florida, Louisiana, Virginia, North Carolina, and Dr. Kathleen Logothetis Thompson graduated with her Ph.D. from West Virginia University in 2017. The waving of the southern cross was referenced in The Civil War Day by Day (E.B. Voters rejected the convention, and by extension, any secession. Subscribe to the American Battlefield Trust's quarterly email series of curated stories for the curious-minded sort! Fugitive Slave Act 1850. South CarolinaMississippiFloridaAlabamaGeorgiaLouisianaTexasVirginiaArkansasNorth CarolinaTennesseeMissouriKentucky. In Alabama's secession document it states the they are receding partially because they wanted to uphold the laws that promote slavery, where as Lincoln did not. SEC. This page was last edited on 29 December 2017, at 18:34. . Feb 24 secession secession political movement ben fitzpatrick (cooperationists) (immediatists) unionists? and menacing a character as to justify the people of the State of Alabama in the Thousands of pro-Union voters voted for a secession convention aiming that it should fail. Therefore we, the people of the State of Arkansas, in convention assembled, do hereby declare and ordain, and it is hereby declared and ordained, That the "ordinance and acceptance of compact" passed and approved by the General Assembly of the State of Arkansas on the 18th day of October, A.D. 1836, whereby it was by said General Assembly ordained that by virtue of the authority vested in said General Assembly by the provisions of the ordinance adopted by the convention of delegates assembled at Little Rock for the purpose of forming a constitution and system of government for said State, the propositions set forth in "An act supplementary to an act entitled `An act for the admission of the State of Arkansas into the Union, and to provide for the due execution of the laws of the United States within the same, and for other purposes,'" were freely accepted, ratified, and irrevocably confirmed, articles of compact and union between the State of Arkansas and the United States, and all other laws and every other law and ordinance, whereby the State of Arkansas became a member of the Federal Union, be, and the same are hereby, in all respects and for every purpose herewith consistent, repealed, abrogated, and fully set aside; and the union now subsisting between the State of Arkansas and the other States, under the name of the United States of America, is hereby forever dissolved. And they do further declare, That said Constitution of the United States of America is no longer binding on any of the citizens of this State. The First American President: Setting the Precedent, African Americans During the Revolutionary War, Help Save 820 Acres at Five Virginia Battlefields, Save 343 Acres at FIVE Battlefields in FOUR Western Theater States, Save 42 Historic Acres at the Battle of Chancellorsville, Phase Three of Gaines Mill-Cold Harbor Saved Forever Campaign, An Unparalleled Preservation Opportunity at Gettysburg Battlefield. the people of the States of Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Document: The Secession Acts of the 13 Confederate States. Over the next few weeks I will post the documents of secession (with annotations) issued by the eleven Confederate states and two border states who ultimately did not secede. A test vote resulted in 54 to 46 for secession. State of Alabama, in Convention assembled, at Montgomery, on this, the eleventh When it was over, 166 had voted for secession and 8 against. The Decision to Secede and Establish the Confederacy: A - Historians The first was the election of Abraham Lincoln to the presidency. 06.05 history.docx - Name: Mackenzie Gregory Date: 04/11/23 1 REEL INDEX John Fletcher Comer . The people of Virginia in their ratification of the Constitution of the United States of America, adopted by them in convention on the twenty-fifth day of June, in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and eighty-eight, having declared that the powers granted under said Constitution were derived from the people of the United States and might be resumed whensoever the same should be perverted to their injury and oppression, and the Federal Government having perverted said powers not only to the injury of the people of Virginia, but to the oppression of the Southern slave-holding States: South Carolina, Mississippi, Georgia, and Texas also issued separate documents purporting to justify secession. Alabama Textual Materials Collection Ordinance of Secession, adopted by the Alabama constitutional convention of 1861. And we do further hereby declare and ordain, That the State of Arkansas hereby resumes to herself all rights and powers heretofore delegated to the Government of the United States of America; that her citizens are absolved from all allegiance to said Government of the United States, and that she is in full possession and exercise of all the rights and sovereignty which appertain to a free and independent State. This edition is from Ordinances and Constitution of the State of Alabama (1861). Montgomery, Alabama. The legislature voted to hold an election on December 22 for the selection of delegates for an upcoming Secession Convention. And whereas, the majority of the Legislature of Kentucky have violated their most solemn pledges made before the election, and deceived and betrayed the people; have abandoned the position of neutrality assumed by themselves and the people, and invited into the State the organized armies of Lincoln; have abdicated the Government in favor of a military despotism which they have placed around themselves, but cannot control, and have abandoned the duty of shielding the citizen with their protection; have thrown upon our people and the State the horrors and ravages of war, instead of attempting to preserve the peace, and have voted men and money for the war waged by the North for the destruction of our constitutional rights; have violated the expressed words of the constitution by borrowing five millions of money for the support of the war without a vote of the people; have permitted the arrest and imprisonment of our citizens, and transferred the constitutional prerogatives of the Executive to a military commission of partisans; have seen the writ of habeus corpus suspended without an effort for its preservation, and permitted our people to be driven in exile from their homes; have subjected our property to confiscation and our persons to confinement in the penitentiary as felons, because we may choose to take part in a cause for civil liberty and constitutional government against a sectional majority waging war against the people and institutions of fifteen independent States of the old Federal Union, and have done all these things deliberately against the warnings and vetoes of the Governor and the solemn remonstrances of the minority in the Senate and House of Representatives: Therefore,
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