In 1926 he advanced to the rank of ensign (Leutnant zur See) and was assigned as a signals officer on the battleship SMS Schleswig-Holstein, the flagship of Germany's North Sea Fleet. Besides the secret police, he was responsible for all of the criminal police. His aircraft was hit by Russian flak in action near the Dniester on 22 July, and he had to land the plane in enemy territory. In December 1930 he attended a rowing-club ball and met Lina von Osten. [59] The Gestapo had the authority to arrest citizens on the suspicion that they might commit a crime, and the definition of a crime was at their discretion. The revenge Hitler wreaked on the Czech people was terrible. [9] Heydrich developed a passion for the violin and carried that interest into adulthood; he impressed listeners with his musical talent. It involved a fake attack on the German radio station at Gleiwitz on 31 August 1939. [23], As a result of the conditions of the Treaty of Versailles as well as Germany's large war debt, hyperinflation spread across Germany and many lost their life savings. The attacks were carried out by SA stormtroopers and civilians and presaged the Holocaust. Notes from the meeting on the solution of Jewish Questions held on 10.10.1941 in Prague", "The Path to the Mass Murder of European Jews, part 2: Letter of 18 September 1941 from Himmler to Reichsstatthalter Greiser", "Grave of top Nazi leader Reinhard Heydrich opened in Berlin", "Reinhard Heydrich: A Devil With Many Faces", Documents concerning the Wannsee Conference, Director of the Reich Main Security Office, List of major perpetrators of the Holocaust, Nazis and Nazi Collaborators (Punishment) Law, Reich Central Office for the Combating of Homosexuality and Abortion, National Political Institutes of Education, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Reinhard_Heydrich&oldid=1151613285, German military personnel killed in World War II, Holocaust perpetrators in Bohemia and Moravia, Infectious disease deaths in Czechoslovakia, Recipients of the German Order (decoration), Recipients of the Iron Cross (1939), 1st class, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Elisabeth Anna Maria Amalia Krantz (mother), This page was last edited on 25 April 2023, at 03:29. He evaded a Soviet patrol and contacted a forward German patrol. Nazi high official and deputy head of the SS (19041942), "Heydrich" redirects here. Heydrich was chief of the Reich Security Main Office (including the Gestapo, Kripo, and SD). He learned the piano and violin by the time he was six years old. His father came from a Protestant family, but converted to Elisabeth's Roman Catholic faith upon marriage. An individual portrait of Reinhard Heydrich [FHM 2002.001.035] is also part of the Perpetrators series. Reinhard Heydrich was one of the main architects of the Final Solution.. Corrections? His changes to the government's structure left President Emil Hcha and his cabinet virtually powerless. He became a naval cadet at Kiel, Germany's primary naval base. Stalin ordered one of his best NKVD agents, General Nikolai Skoblin, to pass Heydrich false information suggesting that Marshal Mikhail Tukhachevsky and other Soviet generals were plotting against Stalin. [35][36] Lina ignored this message, packed Heydrich's suitcase, and sent him to Munich. [77] Heydrich became the president of the International Criminal Police Commission (later known as Interpol) on 24 August 1940,[78] and its headquarters were transferred to Berlin. [12] As the oldest son, Reinhard was expected to inherit his father's music conservatory and was trained in music by his father. [29], On 30 May 1931, Heydrich's discharge from the navy became legally binding,[30] and either the following day[30] or on 1 June he joined the Nazi Party in Hamburg. Some info about Reinhard Heydrich family: Father: Bruno Heydrich Reinhard Heydrich Married to: Lina von Osten Children: Klaus, born 1933, Died in traffic accident 1943 Heider, born 1934 Silke, born 9.4.1939 Marte, born 1942 Siblings to Reinhard Heydrich: Maria Heydrich Heinz Heydrich Many of Heydrich's fellow cadets falsely regarded him as Jewish. The comments below have been moderated in advance. He returned to Berlin on 14 May after having crashed his plane on takeoff at Stavanger the previous day. WebThe assassination of Reinhard Heydrich, who was the commander of the German Reich Security Main Office (RSHA), the acting governor of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, and a principal architect of the Holocaust, [1] was a coordinated operation by the Czechoslovak resistance during World War II. In addition, many of the 2,242 people sent to Mauthausen died before the end of the period, some within days or weeks of their arrival. Reign of terror: Czech people wait in Berlin for transportation out of the capital. [19] Heydrich, then 15 years old, joined Maercker's Volunteer Rifles (a paramilitary Freikorps unit). The views expressed in the contents above are those of our users and do not necessarily reflect the views of MailOnline. Newspapers have carried strong editorials decrying his 'insensitivity' at wanting to restore a place 'from where orders for the deaths of thousands were given'. The Czech lands were an important industrial zone for the German military, and indiscriminate killing could reduce the region's productivity. Heydrich was the lead speaker. Both villages were razed; the men and boys age 14 and above were shot and most of the women and children were deported and murdered in Nazi concentration camps. He was put on trial in Berlin and sentenced to death, but was kept alive as a hostage. Those associated with it or the resistance movement were tortured or executed. [31][32] Six weeks later, on 14 July, he joined the SS. Eberstein and Heydrich's families were both from Halle on the Saale. He died June 4 in a Prague hospital. He served as president of the International Criminal Police Commission (ICPC, now known as Interpol) and chaired the January 1942 Wannsee Conference which formalised plans for the "Final Solution to the Jewish question"the deportation and genocide of all Jews in German-occupied Europe. "armdn generl in memoriam Alois Eli", "Pohnut Osudy: Alois Eli. [39] At first he had to share an office and typewriter with a colleague, but by 1932 Heydrich was earning 290 Reichsmarks a month (equivalent to 1,191 in 2021), a salary he described as "comfortable". Funeral of nazi ss reinhard heydrich aka butcher of prague 1942 british path. Their mother was the daughter of the head of the Royal Conservatory of Dresden. [37][38], Although the starting monthly salary of 180 Reichsmarks (equivalent to 679 in 2021) was low, Heydrich decided to take the job because Lina's family supported the Nazi movement, and the quasi-military and revolutionary nature of the post appealed to him. [66][67] For his part in the games' success, Heydrich was awarded the Deutsches Olympiaehrenzeichen or German Olympic Games Decoration (First Class). WebI fondamenti ideologici Heinrich Himmler in uniforme da Reichsfhrer-SS. Himmler became the Munich police chief and Heydrich became the commander of Department IV, the political police. His success in pacifying the Czech population lulled Heydrich into a false sense of security, and on May 27, 1942, two Free Czech agents mortally wounded him with a bomb while he was riding in his car without an armed escort. [118], On 10 October 1941, Heydrich was the senior officer at a "Final Solution" meeting of the RSHA[d] in Prague that discussed deporting 50,000 Jews from the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia to ghettos in Minsk and Riga. Monster: Reinhard Heydrich was the head of the dreaded SS security section and the 'protector' of Czechoslovakia. [166] It was his final combat mission. Heydrichs father, who directed a musical conservatory and sang Wagnerian roles in the opera, exposed his son to the cult of Richard Wagner, and his mother was a stern disciplinarian; the family was falsely suspected of partial Jewish ancestry. He excelled in his schoolwork at the secular "Reformgymnasium", especially in the sciences. He combined repressive measures and mass executions with an attempt to mollify Czech peasants and workers by improving social and economic conditions. We all have to dance to the tune which is already on the drum.[134]. He was ambushed by a team of Czech and Slovak soldiers who had been sent by the Czechoslovak government-in-exile to kill the Reich-Protector; the team was trained by the British Special Operations Executive. [35] Himmler asked Heydrich to convey his ideas for developing an SS intelligence service. [13], In recognition of her husband's service to the Nazi cause, Hitler gave to Lina the country estate of Jungfern-Breschan in rural Bohemia. Eberstein met Heydrich at the train station and took him to see Himmler. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. WebBirthdate: December 28, 1934. Many historians regard him as the evilest of the Nazi elite, and Hitler referred to him as the man with the iron heart.. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. WebLina Heydrich gave birth to two sons, Klaus (born 17 June 1933) and Heider (born 23 December 1934). That a man as irreplaceable as Heydrich should expose himself to unnecessary danger, I can only condemn as stupid and idiotic. It was from the castle that Heydrich, who chaired the 1941 Wannsee Conference in Berlin that signed off the Holocaust programme, plotted SS round-ups of resisters. [128][129] After Kubi fled, Heydrich ordered Klein to chase Gabk on foot, and Gabk shot Klein in the leg before escaping. During his 11 years with the SS Heydrich "rose from the ranks" and was appointed to every rank from private to full general. However, the reconciled Heydrich couple had another child, a daughter named Silke (born 9 April 1939). [124][125], In London, the Czechoslovak government-in-exile resolved to kill Heydrich. Unemployment insurance was established for the first time. The project was named Operation Reinhard after Heydrich. Reinhard proudly showed off his baby daughter and they had a close relationship. He was also Stellvertretender Reichsprotektor (Deputy/Acting Reich-Protector) of Bohemia and Moravia. Eventually up to two-thirds of the populace were to be either removed to regions of Russia or exterminated after Nazi Germany won the war. Thereafter, all adults in Leky were murdered. People were arrested arbitrarily, sent to concentration camps, or killed. Kubi, who had not been spotted by Heydrich or Klein, threw a converted anti-tank mine at the car as it stopped, which landed against the rear wheel. [46] Within the Nazi organisation such innuendo could be damning, even for the head of the Reich's counterintelligence service. [17] However, the family maintained cordial relations with the Jewish community; many Jewish students attended the Halle Conservatory, and its cellar was rented out to a Jewish salesman. By December 1941, Czechs could be called to work anywhere within the Reich. Almost all avenues by which Czechs could express the Czech culture in public were closed. Heider Heydrich, now 76, made an offer to the Panenske Brezany municipality to 'find finances' for the reconstruction of the chateau where he also lived. Soon after a chance introduction to Himmler, Heydrich was entrusted with the organization of the Sicherheitsdienst (SD; Security Service), the intelligence and surveillance arm of the SS. [71], In mid-1939, Heydrich created the Stiftung Nordhav Foundation to obtain real estate for the SS and Security Police to use as guest houses and vacation spots. Lina sold the other family properties, including the home in Berlin and the hunting lodge near Nauen. The Gestapo Law, passed in 1936, gave police the right to act extra-legally. Heydrich rose rapidly through the ranks of the SD. Klaus died from his injuries later that afternoon and his body was buried in the garden of the estate. There is no evidence that he participated in the fighting, and when the skirmishes ended, he was part of the force assigned to protect private property. [12] Lina wanted to have the driver and all passengers shot, but the investigation found the driver not guilty. 3. Reynard Heydrich lived in the lower castle and his family continued to live there until the Red Army forced them out in 1945. That same year he joined the SS. These included the German Order,[167] Blood Order,[136] Golden Party Badge, Luftwaffe Pilot's Badge, bronze and silver Front Flying Clasp of the Luftwaffe for combat missions, and the Iron Cross First and Second Classes.[163]. The Butcher of Prague: 7 Facts About the Life of Nazi Reinhard Heydrich. By the late 1930s, the duties of Reinhard Heydrich led him to work long hours and often be away from home. Acting on the advice of his associate Karl von Eberstein, who was Lina's friend and Heydrich's godbrother, Himmler agreed to interview Heydrich, but cancelled their appointment at the last minute.
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